For most of history scientists have been forced to experiment on animal brains if they wanted to test the way a brain works. Obviously it’s unethical to experiment on a living human, and a dead one doesn’t really give you quite the same insight. With the use of stem cells however, scientists have been able to start growing mini-brains in the lab that can model certain brain functions. While these mini-brains won’t ever become fully functional brains, they develop all the same kinds of tissue that the real thing has, which then allows scientists to study their functions better.